Production Of Vitamins By Organism
Industrial Production of Vitamins by Fermentation process & Organism involved in it.
Vitamins : A vitamin is an organic molecule that is an essential micronutrient which an organism needs in small quantities for the proper functioning of its metabolism. Essential nutrients cannot be synthesized in the organism, either at all or not in sufficient quantities, and therefore must be obtained through the diet.
Fermentation : Fermentation is a metabolic process that produces chemical changes in organic substrates through the action of enzymes. In biochemistry, it is narrowly defined as the extraction of energy from carbohydrates in the absence of oxygen.
(Wikipedia)
Fermentation, chemical process by which molecules such as glucose are broken down anaerobically. More broadly, fermentation is the foaming that occurs during the manufacture of wine and beer, a process at least 10,000 years old.
(Britannica)
1.Riboflavin is Produced by Clostridium , Candida , Ashbya , Eremothecium
It plays a vital role in maintaining the body's energy supply. Riboflavin helps convert carbohydrates into adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The human body produces ATP from food, and ATP produces energy as the body requires it. The compound ATP is vital for storing energy in muscles.
2.Coenzyme A is Produced by Brevibacterium Fermentation.
Coenzyme A is a coenzyme, notable for its role in the synthesis and oxidation of fatty acids, and the oxidation of pyruvate in the citric acid cycle. All genomes sequenced to date encode enzymes that use coenzyme A as a substrate, and around 4% of cellular enzymes use it as a substrate.
3.Vitamin B12 is produced by Streptomyces , Propionibacterium , Pseudomonas
Vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin, is a water- soluble vitamin involved in the metabolism of every cell of the human body. It is one of eight B vitamins. It is a ...
Other names: Vitamin B12, vitamin B-12, cobalamin
Metabolism of Liver
4.Vitamin C is produced by Gluconobacter , Erwinia , Corynebacterium
Vitamin C also known as ascorbic acid and ascorbate is a vitamin found in various foods and sold as a dietary suppliment It is used to prevent and treat Scurvy (weakness, feeling tired and sore arms and legs. Without treatment, decreased red blood cells, gum disease, changes to hair, and bleeding from the skin may occur)
Vitamin C is an essential nutrient involved in the repair of tissue and the enzymatic production of certain neurotransmitters its required for the functioning of several enzymes and is important for immune system function it also functions as an antioxidant.
5.β-Carotene is produced by Dunaliella
β-Carotene is an organic, strongly coloured red-orange pigment abundant in fungi, plants, and fruits. It is a member of the carotenes, which are
terpenoids (isoprenoids), synthesized biochemically from eight isoprene units and thus having 40 carbons. Among the carotenes, β-carotene is distinguished by having beta-rings at both ends of the molecule β-Carotene is biosynthesized from geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate.
Beta carotene is a red-orange pigment found in plants and fruits, especially carrots and colorful vegetables. The name beta carotene comes from the Greek “beta” and Latin “carota” (carrot). It is the yellow/orange pigment that gives vegetables and fruits their rich colors
6.Vitamin D is produced by Saccharomyves
Vitamin D is a group of fat-soluble secosteroids responsible for increasing intestinal absorption of calcium, magnesium, and phosphate, and many other biological effects. In humans, the most important compounds in this group are vitamin D₃ and vitamin D₂.
Cholecalciferol and ergocalciferol can be ingested from the diet and from supplements Only a few foods, such as the flesh of fatty fish, naturally contain significant amounts of vitamin D.
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